From the archaeological finds in the area called Kastelli we know that Patmos was inhabited from the middle of the Bronze Age around 2000 BC until the first centuries AD of the Roman era. Since we have no inscriptions by ancient writers concerning the island of Patmos, it is thought but not certain that it was inhabited also prehistorically, first by the Karians, then by the Dorians, and finally by the Ionians. The Kastelli area is the site of an ancient acropolis. Remainders of it are impressive even today, and show natural as well as manmade fortifications. The surroundings walls, made of volcanic tracheae and interspersed with towers, are evidence of Hellenistic wall-building in the 3rd century BC and in use until the Roman era. There was also a temple at Kastelli, dedicated to god Apollo. The most important period in the history of Patmos begins in 95 AD with the arrival on the island of the beloved desciple of Christ, John the Evangelist. While preaching the word of God in Ephesus, he was first taken to Rome by force. He exiled himself until the death of the emperor. It was in this cave that John the Evangelist experienced his God-inspired visions, which culminated in his writing The Relevation, last of the books in the Bible.
Greatest monument of Patmos is the monastery of St. John the Theologian. The monastery was built above the temple of Artemis in Chora at 300-500 AD. The Library, the Sacristy, the Archives: The Library was begin by the Blessed St. Christodoulos, and its manuscript volumes form the nucleus of today's much enriched collection. The Sacristy has portable icons among other things, such as the mosaic icon of St Nicolas (11th century), and the "epigonatio of the Anapeson", an embroidered vestment that illustrates Jesus as an infant. The Archives consist of more than 13000 documents and are the official source for information on the history of the great monastery. Among the most important are The file of Turkish rule C16th-19th century) or the file of the Monastery of St John the Theologian, Patmos. The island of the Apocalypse now days. The island has also been called as the Jerusalem of the Aegean. Chora: This is the capital of the island. A point of reference, for the course of history and civilization on Patmos and its prestige. Skala: Lies at the centre of the island. Its protected and secured port, first constructed in 1600, has contributed to the development of the economy, tourism, and the civilization of Patmos. Kambos: The visitor arriving at Upper Kambos finds the traditional village square with school, church, and taverns with local cuisine. Down in Lower Kambos is one of the largest beaches of the island, completely organized. It is a regular meeting point for both the locals and the foreigners. Grikos: This idyllic fishermen' settlement is second to no other tourist place in terms of facilities, life, and delicious food. Grikos lies in a magical bay in full view of the rock of Kalikatsou, also known as Petra, and has a completely organized beach. Meloi, Petra, Kalikatsou, Vaghia, Livadi Geranou, Agriolivadi, Psili Ammos, Aspri, Lampi are some the wonderful beaches at the island of Patmos. The cultural activity during summertime is rich in Patmos. Artists from all over Greece, realize concerts, events and local festivals.
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